Machine for turning and grinding tapers



(No Model.) 4 SheetsSheet 1.

J. FLATHER. MAGHINE FOR TURNING AND GRINDING TAPBRS. No. 396,077. Patented Jan. 15, 1889.

VVITNEEIEEE INVENTEJR (No Model.) 4 SheetsSheet 2.

J. PLATHER. MACHINE FOR TURNING AND GRINDING TAPERS.

No. 396,077. Patent'edvJan. 15. 1889.

3 I Z3 m 1;

VVITNEEEEEI No Model.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 3. J. FLATHER.

MAGHINB FOR TURNING AND GRINDING TAPBRS.

R F 9 I w 1. W? m 1 I P w \t W 1 w M A, w m N M 6 m E Q m 5 g w h R QQQ Patented Jan. 15, 1889.

LE THER. MACHINE FOR TURNING AND GRINDING TAPERS.

(Nd Model.)

WI NEEEEE,

N. PEYERS. Phnlo-Lil n her aahmglon. D C

PATENT FFICE.

JOSEPH FLATIIER, OF NASITUA, NEV HAMPSHIRE.

MACHINE FQR TURNING AND GRINDING TAPERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 396,077, dated January 15, 1889. Application filed July 25, 1888. Serial No. 280,983. (No model.)

To tZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1,.Tosnrn FLATHER, of Nashua, in the county of Hillsborough and State of New Hampshire, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Machines for Turning and Grinding Tapers, which will, in connection with the accompanying drawings, be hereinafter fully described, and specifically defined in the appended claims.

In said drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section taken transversely through the bed, the carriage, and the tool-post slide of a lathe embodying my in vention. Fig. 2 is a detached elevation taken as at the right of Fig. 1, and showing additional parts that coact with what is shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an oblique section. taken on line Z Z, Fig. 2, and showing details of parts shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation, the section being taken at the same point as in Fig. 1, and the figure showing my invention as applied to a lathe having a compound rest. Fig. 5 is a detached elevation taken as viewed from the right in Fig. iln, Fig. (1 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but representing my invention as applied to a lathe having a weighted carriage. Figs. '7 and 8 show details of parts shown in Fig. (i. Fig. 9 is an elevation taken at the right of a metal-grinding machine embodying my invention, certain of the parts being shown in vertical section. Fig. 10 is a detached elevation viewed as at the front (the left) in Fig. 9, and showing certain of the parts.

This invention relates to metal-reducing machines-such as engine-lathes and grinding-machinesand the object sought is a machine to produce tapering forms and the invention consists in combining a screw-feed mechanism arranged to move the tool-support transversely to the axis of the lathe-bed, a gear mechanism engaged with and arranged to actuate said screw-feed mechanism, and a rack secured to the bed and engaged with and arranged to actuate said gear mechanism as the tool-support is, by the usual feed mechanism, moved along the bed in the longitudinal direction thereof, whereby the reducingtool is, in a fixed and determinate ratio, constantly moved toward the axis of the body of metal being reduced as the reducing-tool is moved (by the usual feeding devices) in the lineal. direction of said body.

My invention is practically carried into effeet by the mechanism shown in said drawings, which I will now proceed to particularly describe.

The bed of the lathe is shown in cross-section at A,while B represents the carriage fitted to move lengthwise of the bed 011 the beveled ways or bearings a a, the carriage being thus moved or fed by any of the various known feeding devices.

0 represents the tool-post slide, which may be mounted directly upon carriage B, as shown in Fig. 1, or it may be mounted to slide in and out upon a turn-table, E, Fig. 4, which is mounted upon slide D, arranged to slide in and out upon the carriage B, or it may be supported upon the plate F, Fig. 6, vertically adjustable by screw 19, and at its front end pivotally supported upon plate 13, arranged to slide transversely to the lathe-bed on the carriage, each of said constructions and arran gements of parts being old and well known.

The cross-feed screw d is shown in Fig. 1

as journaled at its outer end in sleeve c,

threaded in carriage B, and with its threaded portion engaging in nut g, secured-by screw h to the tool-post slide 0, the rear end of screwdbeing reduced to the base of its screwthreads, and is journaled in hollow screw 2', which is threaded to rotate in carriage B, the screw cl being secured from lineal movement in the screw i by set-collar j and lock-nuts It.

It will be obvious that when screw d is rotated and screw 2' at rest slide C will be moved in or out, according to the direction in which.

the screw rotates, as the nut Q will travelalong the screw, and thus move the slide; or if screw 1' be rotated while screw (Z is not rotated the slide 0 will be moved in or out, according to the direction in which said screw 2' is rotated. It may be here stated that screw cl is rotated for the usual purposes of crossfeed by its crank 21, or otherwise; but to rotate screw 1', and thereby constantly and gradually move the operating-tool supported by slide 0 toward or from the body revolving on the lathe-centers, and which said tool is reducing, I arrange the small gear Z upon the screw 2, the two. being interlocked to rotate together by spline 777, which is seated in splineway it in the screw, Ft and r, and in a corresponding slot in the gear, the gear having a long bearing or hub, so as to rest upon the thread of the screw. Said gear held in position elose to the rear face of bed A by the keeper e, which enters a groove in the hub ol? the gear and is seen red to bed A by set-serew a: and steady-pin y, Fig. I Gearl is driven by an adjustable intermediate gear, which is engaged with pinion (1, secured on arbor s, journaled in sleeve 1 that is threaded. in and supported by hanger u, secured to carriage l L a gear, t, being secured upon the inner end of said arbor and engaging rack. 11-, secured upon ledge b of the bed. Said intermediatie gear, 2), is journaled upon an adjustable stud, Be, seen red in hang-e122, that is pivoted upon sleeve 7, so that gear is always in mesh with pin ion q. Said hanger .2 is formed with a mtrved slot, (3, Fig. 2, whose radius point is the axis of arbor s, a looking-screw, 7, serving as the means to look or release said hanger when gear 1) is to be enmeshed with or disconnected from gear I on sleeve 1'.

It will be obvious that as carriage 13 is, by the usual feed-gear, moved along the bed on ways a the engagement of gear l with rack '10 will cause the rotation of said gear at a speed proportionate to the feed movement of the carriage, and the rotation of said gear U will, through arbor .s, pinion 1 intermediate gear, p, and gear I, be imparted to sermv 'i, thereby turning the same and, through crossfeed screw (1, eonsta-ntl y moving the toolsup porting slide 0 nearer to or farther from the axis of the body revolving upon the latheeenters, and whieh is being redueed by the cutting tool supported upon slide and moved in the longitudinal direetion of such body by the carriage, the carriage and tool moving in or out, aeeording to the direction in which screw 1' is rotated. obvious that by varying the relative diameters of gears l q the eross-leed movement oi. the reducing-tool may be varied relativtdy to the movement of carriage I along the bed, and hence anydeterminate taper may be antomatically produced by said two feeds, and, further, that wit h serew i threiulwl righthanded, as shown, and with the eross-feed gears, as shown, the rotting-tool would by the usual lewling action of the lathe be moved toward the axis ol the body being reduced, but. that itsaid serew 1' was lelft-hand threaded, or an additional intermediate gear was employed in the train, then the cross-[med would be away from instead ol toward the axis of the body revolving on the lathe-eenters.

\Vhen the intern'lediat e slide, l), is enn'iloyed, as shown in 'l ig. t, the serew i need not be hollow, as in Fig. l, but formet'l with a neck, g, and head 71 at its inner end,while a forked yoke, 10, engages said neck and head, and is seeured by screw 11. to the end 01; said slide I), whereby the slide is direetl y moved. in. or

lt will also be out by the rotation of the serew whieh latter is automatically rotated by a train of gears and raek, the same as already described with retmrenee to Figs. 1 and i and as there shown; and, further, when the Construction shown in said Fig. t is employed and it; is desired to actuate slide fl) through the usual screw, d, then, by removing serew ll and diseonneeting yoke it) from the slide, the latter is free from serew 1' and may be actuated by the screw 1/ in the usual manner.

\Vhen the carriage shown in Fig. (3 is employed, which, as stated, is ol the \vcdghted pattermthe nut 1 of serewd is interlocked in a bar, seated in carriage. ll, (see Figs. I; and 5%,) and the rear end ol? said bar is forked and has the same eonneetion with serew 2' as is shown in Figs. riand Tand as has 3' ustbeen described with reference to Fig. l-; and, further, when the eonstruetion shown in said Fig. 1' is employed, the serew d is journaled in slide '1 i3, and is secured from lineal movement therein by the crank 21 and set-collar :said slide 13 is interloelmd with and arranged to slide on carriage 13, while the vertically-tilting top F is at its front end pivi'ited upon slide llil and carries the tool-post, slide in the usual manner.

It will be obvious that with the construction shown in Fig. tl,when screw '1' is quiescent and screw (1 is rotated, the slide 13 and parts thereby supported will be moved transversely to bed A, while if serew i is rotated the slide 13 and. parts by it supported. will, through. bar 1; and screw (7, be moved in the same manner as when screw (7 is rotated; and as screw 1' is emineeted with raek 1c by a train of gears in the same manner as in Figs. 1 and 4, therefore the movement of the tool (earried by slide toward or from the axis of the body being reduced by the (cutting-tool will be in a positive ratioto the movcmentot' the earriage l3 along bed A, and. thus said body maybe turned to any required taperby properly proportioning the gears that rotate said screw 1'.

As hereinbetoro stated, my invention is shown in Figs. 5) and lit) as applied to a maehine adapted to red uee metallic bodies to a cireular cross-section by the abrading action of an emery-wheel,and. in l ig. t.) (it represents the frame or stalulard on which the operative parts are mounted. Said sta'iulard is u'ovided with an arm, J, having a dovetail guideway,lti, to which is litt ed theplate M. to move closely but lireely thereon,a1nl from said base rises the arm K, pret'erz'tbly l'orked and. hav ing journaled in it the arbor 17, provided with pulley 18, by a belt on whieh rotary n1otion may be impartml to the arbor and. the emery-wheel l rigidly seeured thereon.

A table, 11', having ways (I, is arranged to move in corresponding bearings on. standard G. Upon said table a head and tail stock are secured, the tail-stock being adjustable in its distanee from the headstock to adapt them to longer or shorter bodies that are to be relIO duced. The head-stock is shown at I and has the arbor 14, provided with the center 15; but as all parts of the machine thus far pointed out are old, common, and well known, a further description thereof is not deemed necessary. I I

The threaded nut g is secured to base M, and in this nut is threaded the screw (Z, which at its front end is journaled in screw 'Z, and is therein secured from lineal displacement by solid collar 22 and set-collar 23. This screw (Z may be actuated by means of handcrank 21 to move wheel L toward or from the axis of the body being revolved upon the centers of the machine, or screw 2 may be automatically rotated, as table II moves lineally, by means of gears, as follows, to wit: Gear Z, secured on screw i, as already described in ref.- erence to Fig. l, is engaged by intermediate gear, p, pivoted on hanger z, said gear 17 being driven by pinion q, secured on shaft 25, which also carries gear 1 that engages rack '10 on table H, which rack serves to actuate the gears, the shaft 25 being journaled in standard G. It being obvious that as the lineal movement of table 11 serves, through the described rack and gears, to rotate screw Z, and thereby lineally move screw (Z, thus moving wheel L toward or from the axis of the body supported upon the centers of the stocks I in a fixed and positive ratio or relation to the movementot said body past the wheel, therefore by changing the relative proportions of gears Z and q, or of Z, q, and '1, the degree of the taper may be varied, as desired. It will also be seen that in the machine shown in Figs. 9 and 10 there is an obvious reversal merely of the means of bringing the reducing-tool (the aln'ading-wheel L) in contact with the entire length of the body being reduced, for while in the other views the mechanism is adapted to move the reducingtool along the length of the body to be reduced, in Figs. 9 and 10 said body moves relatively to said wheel L.

My invention is equally adapted to forming tapering passages in bodies of metal, as to l forming bodies having a cylindrical exterior,

it being only necessary to secure in the toolpost of the lathe a tool adapted to act upon j the interior wall of a hollow body, andin such l manner a socket or hole may be formed to l exactly fit a solid body turned in the same lathe with the same taper-producing devices.

hen my invent-ion is employed with a compound rest, such as is shown in Fig. 4, the screws (Z and i may, if preferred, be directly connected together, as in Fig. 1, instead of by a yoke, as shown. \Vhenever it is desired to employ the lathe to produce cylindrical bodies or other usual forms, it is only requisite to disconnect gear 1') from gear Z to render the automatic tapering mechanism inoperative, a suitable set-screw, pinching device, or other known means of rigidly locking screw '6 being provided to secure it in such case from rotation.

It will be oln'ious that many changes may be made in the details and constructionof parts employed in my invention without departing from the substance thereof.

If there be any occasion to guard against backlash in the gears, I suspend a suitable weight, 2, by a cord, 3, wound upon and secured to the hub st of gear Z, as shown in Fig. 1.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination of bed A, provided with rack 10, saddle l3, arranged to move on ways a and provided with tool-post slide C, screws (Z '1', having independent rotative action, but secured from relative lineal displacement, a threaded connection between screw (Z and the tool-post slide, and a system of gearing connecting the rack with screw '1', and through screw (Z with tool-postslide 0, whereby the lineal movement along bed A may impart a rotary movement to screw 'Z and a movement to screw (Z and slide transverse to said bed, substantially as specified.

2. The combination of bed A, its rack w, saddle B, tool-post slide 0, screws (Z 'i, and a train of gears engaging said rack and screw '1', all arranged to operate substantially as speci ii ed.

3. 'lhecombination, with the tool-support of a metal-turning lathe, of the hollow screw '2 the cross-feed screw (Z, journaled in and interlocked with said hollow screw, a rack, and the gear mechanism connected with said rack and hollow screw, all substantially as specified.

.105 E PH FLATHER.

\Vitnesses:

EUGENE IIUMPHREY, T. W. PORTER. 

